                             10

                  

    訥 袥᪨ ப,        ,
।  ᭮ ਬ ࠭஢.   
⥬  ᫠묨 ﬨ  ࢮ ஢ (1,  1  1 
ᨬ  ⭮ ⥬),  筮,  ᨫ 0-9 㭪⮢
  ᪫.  祢,  ⠭ ⮤  祭-
  졥  .
    ᫨ ⨢  ᫠ 1,  ,  ᮡ⢥ -
⨥ 1,   ,   ⠫  ⠪ ,
 ᫨  ⨢ ᯠᮢ   ࠫ쭮 ⥬.
     ஡  稭,  ᫨    祬-
, 祬 1.    ,   1  ᮧ  ᨫ-
 ,  ,   蠥    ,  1 
1.    ,  뢠   ,    
ன?   ⨥ ⮢, ⥬    
஡. ᫨  ࠣ  1,   訫 㦥 4- ⥢
⨩  ஢ 1,  ࠫ ⮤  㦥  .
     ॡ  堭.   -    ਤ㬠
袥,   ᭮ ਣ   .   -
쭠    ਬ  뫨 㡫   -
⥭ IBPA.

                  Antiferts ("⨪")
                  ----------------------------
     ⥬  -    ⨢   ,
ᮡ  ﭮ  ⮣ 쭮,      -
ᮧ 奬  ᢮ ⨢ ࣮. ᪮  -
묨 ⥬ 室 ⠫    (  ࠩ
, ),  ⥫쭮  ᤥ  㭨ᠫ 奬,  
室   ⨢    ⥬,  ⮡  
ᨫ쭮 㦠 .   ਭ樯, ਤ    3-
᭮묨 ⨯ :  (1) ࠢ, (2) ⨥ , -
ன  ⨢,  (3) ࠢୠ   㣮 ᭮-
 .
       梥    4-     ⨢
ࠢ୮  ࠢ୮ ⮩,  ⠪   ஡-
.   -  । ᨫ ࢨ஢襣?
    "⨪"     ᫥  㭤⠫
,  ᨬ  ⮣,  ⨥  ᫠,
1, 1  1:

 =  ࠢୠ , ᨫ  13 窮  -
         ஢ ᨫ     .
           ⮬   㣮 砥  ࠭    
         㡫   ,  砥  -
         ⮢.
1/   = ࠫ   孥 ࠭楩 ᨫ    ࠩ
         17 窮,   ᪫  4432  4333,  ⠪    ⮬
         砥  諨  ன.
         쭥 ࣮     ᮮ⢥⢨    訬
         묨 ⮤.
1NT    = ஢ ⨥    ( 5-)  ࠢ-
          ᪫.
2     =   1NT,    (  ᫥  ࠣ 1).
2     =   1NT,    (  ᫥  ࠣ 1).
         ᫨ 뫠      ஢  1,  
             뢠  17 窮, ..:
         1-1 =  17 窮   ;
         1-2 =  17 窮   .
2     = 12-16 窮, 梥  ᨭ⮬   
2     =  17 窮, 梥  ᨭ⮬   , -
           1 .
2NT    =  ࠩ 11-14 窮,   5-5.
 ᮪  = ଠ   ᮮ⢥ᢨ   訬
 ⨫.
     ᬮਬ,   ࠡ⠥  ⥬  ࠪ⨪, 
ਬ   ᪮  㡪 1983 .,   ᪨ 
ਬ﫨 ⠪ ⥬.    , ⠪ , 㢨,
  ᥡ ⥬   ॠ쭮 .

                       10.1 ᫥ 
                       -----------------
    砫쭮 ⢥騩  ਥ    ࠢ  
⭥, ⮬,   8 窮  4-     
,   ᯠᮢ.  ᫨   ,  ᯠ-
ᮢ   ன,  ᫨ ⮫쪮  ண ⨢  -
砫   ⮩ . 䭮    ஢-
,  ࣮       ஢  2    
, ஢     䭮 .

1.   EW, 뢠 W

          10953                 W        N       E       S
          9                                 
          862                  1                1NT
          83                    
 76               4
 8532      N       64         W        N       E       S
 1095    W   E     743             Antiferts        Antiferts
 54       S       976        1               
                                  
          82
          107
                 ୠ ⠪ ⠢ ࠪ   -
          102     ४᭠    襣  쭮
                    .

2.   NS, 뢠 W

          32                 W        N       E       S
          987               1              
          10                     2      2
          1032                    
 8                 1094
 652      N       10          - 䭮,   
 832      W   E     75       ⮢ ⨢ ࠪ
 9        S       875     2, ⮬  ஢-
                                   5-  - 2.
          765
          43
          964
          64

3.   , 뢠 E

          64                W        N       E       S
          74                                1    
          63                            
          53                2     (1)         2
 32                 1075          4         
 98        N       652
 7      W   E     842    (1) 
 10984     S       76

          98              ᫥ 饣  ठ 
          103        2, ⮬  -
          1095    ஢  2 - , প  ,
          2            .  ⨥ "-
                    " ⮫쪮  ࠧ뢠饬, ⠪
   ਭ  室  , ⮡ ३, -
 㭮  ⪥ -   ᨫ.

     10.2   ,        ,
     -----------------------------------------------------
     ᫥  ⭥
     ---------------------
     ⮬ 砥     ⢥ ⢥, -
뢠  ᨫ:
2 - 뢠  ᨫ    ᫠  ⭥
2 - (᫨ ⮫쪮    ᮢ)  .
       - ⥩,  । ࠢ ᪫ 
⭥.

᫥:  - 2
------------------
    ᫨  ਢ襣 ࠢ  ᪫,      2NT,
᫥ 祣   ਬ   奬 ᫥ 2NT, -
  ⭥  ࠭஢,  ࣮  -
 ᫨誮 ,  ᫨   ⢥  ᨫ. -
  3NT  뢠 13-15 窮  ᪫ 3334  3343.
     ࠢ୮ ⮩ ਢ訩  ࠫ쭮  -
.   ᪠箪  頥  ᨫ  ᪫ ᨫ.
릮             
6-   ࢮ .
    ᫥     ஢ 2  ਢ襣   ⭥
 ࣮ ࠫ쭮,   饥 ᮣᮢ 
릨⥫   2NT. 릮    -
,   쭮.

4.   EW, 뢠 N

          97532                W        N       E       S
                            Antiferts        Antiferts
          52                            1       
          1074                2(1)        2NT(2)    
 864                      3(3)        3        
 65      N       1073     3NT(4)       4(5)     
 6      W   E     1083     4           4NT(6)    
 96       S       3       5(7)        6   

          10
          9842     (1) 騩     (5) -
          974     (2) ࠢୠ      (6)   㧠
          852     (3)         (7) 3 ( )
                    (4) প  , 㯥ᨫ

    W        N       E       S
Caribbean        Caribbean
            1      1NT     
   3NT      

᫥:  - 2
------------------
      ਢ訩 ᥣ    2NT. 
   5-,    , 
ࠢ୮ ⮩, - ⢨ ஢  2.
     ᨫ, 筮  , ਢ訩  -
饥 祭 2NT  3  .  ᫥ 2NT   ਬ
  奬 ⢥⮢. 릮    ᠩ-䮬.

5.   NS, 뢠 S

          9843                 W        N       E       S
          974                              
          2                                            1
          7                             
 10                       3NT          4NT       
 10      N       6532      5           5NT   
 543    W   E     1087
 94      S       6         / ந諮 
                               .
          7652
          8
          96
          108532

    W        N       E       S
Antiferts        Antiferts
                            1       (1) ⨢ 
                 (2)  ᨫ
2(1)          2NT(2)          (3) ࠢ ᪫
3NT(3)         4(4)           (4) ࠫ쭮
4(5)          6           (5) -

       ᮢ,     2 - ᨭ-,
⢥ ࠧ㬭  - 2.  ।,  訫 ᪮-
 1  ᢮ 13- 娬 窠:

   W        N       E       S
                            1   (1)  ᨫ.  蠥
         2(1)           ᪠ 諥   
2NT            3(2)           ⮢.
3NT(3)         4          (2)   
5             6       (3)  ஢

     ⭥ ਢ襣 ᫠ 㪠
    ----------------------------------
     ᨫ  8 窮 ⢥騩 뢠   (⫨  
2/2)  . 1  , 1NT, 2    3   - ᫠
ࠫ ,    ,  ᪠箪  2    
⭮⥫쭮 ⨢   襩 5-  6---
筮 .  ᫨ ⢥騩 ᡥ     
(.. 1---2),    2,  砥 ᫠  
 .  릮  2NT 뢠 ᫠ ,  -
    ,  ਥ 嬠⪮  5-5.  ,
   ᮪ ஢ - ᫠, ⨯  ⨩.
    ⠫ ஡ ᮢ  襩 ⮩,    
 ,  ⠪ ⨫ 뢠 讥 殮 
ப  4- 㪥.

6.   NS, 뢠 S

          10                    W        N       E       S
          10964                                        1
          10                           
          873                       1NT       2
 9               7542         
 83      N       52
 6      W   E     97          3 .
 952      S       64

          863
          7
          85432
          10

    W        N       E       S
antiferts         antiferts
                            1        (1)  2.
           1(1)   
          ?

       --,    ⠪ ᭮
  ⢥ ,    ⠫.

             10.3 ᫥ 뢭  ⢥饣
             --------------------------------------
    ᫥ 뢭    1NT ਢ訩   
   2,   ᨫ ࣮. ⢥ ⠪
   ⥩,  ᪫祭 2NT,  뢠 ᨬ 
⢨ ஢.
    ᫥ 뢭       ⢥ ࠫ,
 2NT  ꥬ  - .

           10.4 ᫥ 뢭   쥩 㪨
           -----------------------------------------
    ᫨ ப  쥩 㪥 뢠   ஢ 1, 
⢥饣   㣨 祭.  ਥ  ࠢ
  ⭥,   - 䭠, 2 - 騩 ⥩,
- ⠭  ᨭ  ,   2 - ࠫ쭠 -
⨢    ⠫  ஢  .  
᫠ ⮩ ⢥騩,  ᫮,  ᯠᮢ. ᫨ -
ப  3- 㪥 ᤥ -  ᮪  ,  ⭥
ਢ襣 ਥ  ᨫ 13-15 窮,   ⮣, 
 ᮮ⢥⢥,  ᯮ쫧 ᢮  奬, ਬ-
塞 ᫥   મ 1NT.  ᫨  ᤥ  
᢮ 樨, ਢ訩,  㯥ᨫ, ꧠ, ࠧ㬥-
, ᤥ  -  ᨢ  .  2NT  
ᨭ.
      ப  쥩 㪥    ⢨ -
饣; ,  -०,  ⠥ ,   ⠫
 ⮦  .
    ᫨ ⭥ ᯠᮢ   ⨢   쥩 㪥,
ਢ訩  ࠫ쭮,      ⮬
ᨫ ࠢ .

7.   EW, 뢠 N

          7432                 W        N       E       S
          8643              antiferts         antiferts
          9                           1       1NT(1)
                              (2)   2   (3)  
 10986             5         2         2NT(4)     
 1072      N       9       /3           
 8      W   E     432
 764      S       105
                            (1) 뢭 
                         (2)  ᨫ , ᫨  ⭥
          5                   ᫠ .
          10765           (3)  ࠢ
          9832             (4)   ࠨ

     ॠ쭮    ᤠ  ࠫ  2,  ⠪  
袥, ᨤ訩  ,  ᬮ  ன .

                10.5 ᫥ ࠭ મ
                --------------------------------
    ᫨ ⢥騩  ᯠᮢ     ࠫ ஢
મ,   蠥   ᠬ  ஢. -
設⢮ ⠫   - ࠫ,  祬,     
⨥   騩 ࠪ,        
  祭, ᮮ⢥饥 襬 筮 ⨫.
    , ,    ᫥  襭    ࢥ
ᥣ  த ࣮,  ⠪ ࠧ, ⢥饬 
㦭 ८業    ⨢ ⢥.

8.   NS, 뢠 E

          9764                  W        N       E       S
          8                ⠭          ⠭
          97                                  1      (1)
                                   1NT          2(2)
 32              108            2           3NT
 1074      N       965         
 42     W   E     6
 943       S       10852

          5
          32          (1)    ᨫ ࠢ
          10853        (2) ⥩
          76

    W        N       E       S
antiferts         antiferts
                    1      2(1)      (1) ࠭  
         3(2)        3         (2) ஢ ꥬ
         3           4
         5    

9.   NS, 뢠 E

          72                   W        N       E       S
          1087                      
          9763                                  1     (1)
          73                   
 63              854
 3         N       942        (1) 筠 ᨫ
 10854   W   E     2
 95      S       10864
                                 W        N       E       S
          109             antiferts         antiferts
          65                                1      2(1)
                                   2(2)        2/3NT
          2                    

(1) ࠭.      (2) ᮢ   ࠫ મ 2.
  ,  ⥬ ᨫ   2  3NT,  -
  魮 .

                    10.6 騥 
                    -----------------------
    祭 㤮  મ ⭥   ⥬ 
,   ਬ塞  ⮩ 楫       
મ (.. 1-2(뢠 )--2).  ࢥ -
 ࠫ쭮,  ᪫祭  2NT,  뢠
஢    4-   ⢥  -
 (  ᨫ쭮 ⮩  ""  ).  ᫨ -
騩  ࠫ쭮   ,    2NT. 
, 1-2--2 -  ࠫ쭮  ,   1-2--2NT
- 뢠 .

10.   EW, 뢠 E

          76                   W        N       E       S
          9764             ࠧ          ࠧ
          8                                     1      2
          75                       2           4(1)
 102              8543            5           5
 8         N       32         
 1073  W   E     6
 942      S       1083
                              (1)  ᬠਢ  
          9                        ,   -
          105                  ⠥  ᨫ ࠫ
          9542                 祭.
          6

    W        N       E       S
antiferts         antiferts
                    1      2(1)      (1) ࠭  
         2NT(2)       4(3)      (2) 
         4                   (3) 

    ⠫ ਬ 뢭    ᨫ 
    .

11.   , 뢠 E

          53                   W        N       E       S
          8764               ⠫           ⠫
          98                                         1
          8                           2       3
 7               864                     
 53      N       1092      3    
 6       W   E     10
 1072    S       643

          1092                  W        N       E       S
          --                antiferts         antiferts
          75432                                     1
          95                  1NT(1)        2(2)    3
                               3            4      

(1) .  (2) ࠫ ᨭ.

     ᫠ ୮  ,  , 뫮  ମ-
  3,    , ᫮,  ⠢ .

12.   , 뢠 S

          1083                 W        N       E       S
          6542              antiferts         antiferts
          5                                             1
          105                 2(1)         2(2)    
 7                965       3            3NT     
          N       7
 96   W   E     1043
 7432     S       6

          42
          10983     (1)  ᫨誮 ᫠  릪  2NT, 
          872           ࠭ મ 2.
          98       (2)  ࠫ ᨭ.

13.   NS, 뢠 W

          9                    W        N       E       S
          103             ࠧ         ࠧ
          6                   1    (1)       
          854
 1052             73         (1) 筠 ᨫ
 654      N       872
 85     W   E     1094
 106       S       732        W        N       E       S
                             antiferts         antiferts
          864                1       2(1)        2NT(2)
          9                          3           3NT
          732                       5NT          6NT
          9                   

(1) 
(2) 
 ᭮ 㯫 頥  17 窮 (  
     ஢  1),  ⢥騩   ᫠
        ࢥ.   -
砥,  襭  頥 ,   ᫠ . -
,  ᮪,      ,   -
⨢ ,    2NT,   ࠭஬  ᫥
.  :
1 - 2* -  - 2  = ᫠,  
* - ,  17 窮
                 2  = ᫠,  
                 2  = ࠫ ᨭ
                 2NT = ᨭ   
    ᫥ ⮣ મ ஬  ஢ 1  (  17  窮)
࣮ ᮫⭮ ࠫ쭠.

14.   , 뢠 E

          106                  W        N       E       S
          3                           ⠭       ⠭
          65                                  1      1
          10                      2     
 87                92
 108     N       9652     , , ⠫,  1 -
 8     W   E     73       뢠 祭 ᫠ મ,  
 8532      S       964     訫,   ⨥.

          543                  W        N       E       S
          74                         antiferts       antiferts
          10942                                  1     1(1)
          7                            4     

(1)  5- , ஢ .

              10.7 ஢ 室 (2  2)
              -----------------------------------
    쭥訥 ࠧ - ࠫ,  ஢묨 -
     .   ⪮   ਬ-
  ⢥ ᨭ.  ᫥ મ 2 ⢥騩  롮
 ਥ    ᨫ  17-19  㭪⮢.   襩 ᨫ
⭥ த ࣮.

15.   NS, 뢠 N

 983              1076        W        N       E       S
 963       N       4         antiferts       antiferts
 97      W   E                       1     2(1)   
 84      S       1075       4(2)    

(1) 12-16 窮, 4-1-4-4
(2)  ஡.

                     10.8 ᭠ 
                     ----------------------
         4-  㪨  ᮫⭮ ⠪  祭,
   ன.
    ᫨ ਬ  ⮤ ,   ⮩ 樨 -
  ।.   ⥬  "Antiferts"    
"fert"  ன 㪥 栥 ⨥,  ᮮ⢥⢥  
ப  4- 㪥  室 "",   -
   11-12 窮.
    ࠭ મ   ᪮쪮  ᫠묨,  
࣮   ⥬  ⥬,    ᫥   ன 㪨,
᪫祭 - ᫥ .    ⭮,   ⭥ 
ᨫ ,        ஢  .   2,
-०, ,   2 ⥯ - ࠫ쭮 ᫠  -
.

16.   , 뢠 N

          1095                 W        N       E       S
                                           1      
          63                                1
          10762               2       2     
 7                843
 10984    N       32      , , ⠫,  1 -
 5    W   E     10942    뢠 祭 ᫠ મ,  
 94        S       3      訫,   ⨥.

          62         室 ᪠ , ⠪  
          765         ப ஢.
          87
          85

17.   , 뢠 E

          102                   W        N       E       S
          --                                
          92                                 1      
          8764                     2           2
 9874             65              3           3NT
 4      N       852              5    
 65      W   E     84
 3        S       10952        W        N       E       S
                                       antiferts       antiferts
          3                                    1      
          109763                     1NT(1)       2(2)
          1073                        3(3)        3NT
                                     4           5
                                  
(1) ,   ᫨誮 ᨫ쭠   2NT,    -
     嬠 㬥७ ᨫ.
(2) ࠫ ⨢.
(3) ࠫ쭠 ᨫ쭠 , ᨫ ॢ.

     ᪫  ᪮ 㡪   ⮪쬥, 
᪠,   設⢠   ⭮, 易-
  ᪨ ⥬.  , ਬ訥 ᠭ
 ⮤,  ࠢ    㣨 .  ⬥-
,   먣뢠,  ࠩ ,   
祩 ⨢  , - 袥     ࠧ.
    筮,  宦,    ,   ᪠  졥
⨢ ⥬ "",   ॢ,  ᭮ ਭ-
  ,  ᫨  .    ࠭஢
騥 ஡  ࠧ訬.
    ⠭᪠ ,      ,  ந -
쪮 ⫨ ⥬ મ.  ਬ, ᫥ 
1 ("fert"):

     =  13 窮,  ࠢ୮ ।. ᫥ 祣:
             2 -  ⥩,   -    - ᨭ
              .
1NT/2// = ࠭.
2         =  梥,  17 㭪⮢.

  ᫠ 梥⮬ :  ()  ᮢ    㬮  -
⭥   -,  ()  4-  ࠪ⮢  ࠢ-
, ()    4-.
    ⢥ ᮫⭮  袥᪮ 奬.
     奬 ࠭  ஡ - 㧭筮  袥-
, -   ᫮  ࣮ ஢ 嬠-
 .  ⢥  ,         ⮫쪮
ࠪ⨪. ᪮    砥  뢠 ࠢ-
 ,   ਬ - 奬 ࠭ -
⮢  .     (騥 ࠭),
   ப .

